RV Outlet Voltage Drop: Fix 120V to 40V Drop in Slides

Tools & Parts Needed

Find these on Amazon: Digital Multimeter , Wire Nut Assortment , Non-Contact Voltage Tester

Quick Diagnosis

Your symptoms point to a classic high-resistance connection problem. When you see 120V with no load but voltage drops to 40V under load, you're dealing with a loose or corroded connection that's creating resistance in the circuit. The fact that disconnecting the three living room slide outlets makes the bedroom outlet work normally confirms the problem is in the wiring between those outlet groups.

What You'll Need

• Digital multimeter
• Non-contact voltage tester
• Wire nuts (various sizes)
• Electrical tape
• Flashlight or headlamp
• Wire strippers
• Needle-nose pliers
• Dielectric grease

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting

1. Safety first: Turn off the circuit breaker for this outlet group at your electrical panel before beginning any work.
2. Test your theory: With everything disconnected, use your multimeter to test the resistance of each conductor individually from the 4x4 junction box to the 2x4 box under the slide. Each wire should show very low resistance (less than 1 ohm) from end to end.
3. Check the 2x4 junction box: This is your most likely culprit. Remove the cover and visually inspect all wire nuts and connections. Look for discolored, loose, or corroded connections.
4. Test individual connections: With power still off, remove each wire nut one at a time and inspect the copper underneath. Dark, greenish, or burnt-looking copper indicates a problem connection.
5. Check the neutral specifically: Your voltage drop pattern strongly suggests a neutral connection issue. The neutral carries the return current, and a high-resistance neutral will cause exactly the symptoms you're describing.
6. Inspect slide-out wiring: If the junction box connections look good, examine the wiring where it transitions from the stationary RV to the slide mechanism. This flex point is prone to wire damage from repeated slide movement.
7. Test the wire run: If you can access both ends, disconnect the circuit completely and use your multimeter to test resistance from end to end on both hot and neutral conductors.

Most Likely Causes

Based on your symptoms, here are the probable culprits in order of likelihood:

• Loose neutral connection: This is the #1 suspect. A loose neutral wire nut or backstab connection in either junction box will cause your exact symptoms.
• Damaged wire in slide mechanism: The constant flexing as slides move in and out can break wire strands, creating high resistance.
• Corroded connections: Moisture intrusion in junction boxes can cause corrosion, especially on aluminum wiring common in some RVs.
• Overloaded wire nuts: Too many wires in one wire nut, or using the wrong size, can create loose connections over time.
• Backstab connections failing: If your outlets use backstab connections instead of screw terminals, these can loosen over time and create resistance.

The Fix

Once you locate the problem connection:

1. Cut back any discolored wire to fresh copper
2. Strip 3/8 to 1/2 inch of insulation from wire ends
3. Twist wires together clockwise before applying wire nuts
4. Use properly sized wire nuts - don't overpack them
5. Apply a small amount of dielectric grease to prevent future corrosion
6. Ensure all connections are tight - you shouldn't be able to pull wires out of wire nuts
7. Test your repair by reconnecting power and checking voltage under load

Why Your Workaround Works

Your temporary fix of jumping to the fridge circuit works because you're bypassing the damaged section of wiring. The fridge circuit has good, solid connections throughout, so it can handle the additional load from your outlets. However, this isn't a permanent solution as you're potentially overloading that circuit.

Slide-Out Electrical Considerations

Slide-out wiring faces unique challenges. The constant movement creates stress on connections and can cause wire fatigue. Many RV manufacturers use flexible conduit or special slide-out wiring harnesses, but connection points remain vulnerable. Pay special attention to where wiring transitions from the main coach to the slide box.

When to Call a Professional

Call an RV electrician if:

• You find evidence of arcing or burning in any junction box
• You're not comfortable working with 120V electrical systems
• The wiring damage is extensive or in hard-to-reach areas
• You discover aluminum wiring mixed with copper (special connectors required)
• The problem persists after fixing obvious connection issues

Prevention Tips

To prevent future electrical issues in your slide-outs:

• Periodically inspect junction boxes for loose connections
• Keep junction boxes dry - seal any entry points where moisture could enter
• Avoid overloading slide-out circuits with high-draw appliances
• Have your RV's electrical system professionally inspected every few years
• When using space heaters, choose models appropriate for RV electrical systems (1500W maximum)

Final Thoughts

Your diagnostic approach is spot-on. The fact that you've isolated the problem to the wiring between junction boxes shows good troubleshooting skills. This type of electrical issue is common in RVs, especially in slide-out circuits, and is usually straightforward to fix once you locate the specific problem connection. Take your time, work safely with the power off, and don't hesitate to call a professional if you find anything that looks dangerous.